Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Enhancing the material properties of carbon fiber epoxy composite by incorporating electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers
    (01-01-2022)
    Vijay Kumar, Vishnu
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
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    Composite materials are a superior class of material used in almost every field of engineering like construction, military, aerospace, ocean structures, communication, and various other high-performance applications owing to their high specific strength and modulus, increased design flexibility, desirable thermal expansion characteristics good resistance to fatigue and corrosion, and economic efficiency. However, their ply-by-ply nature makes them susceptible to delamination, which originates from the propagation of microcracks in the weak resin-rich layers. Many attempts have been made to address the lack of mechanical properties of this weak interlaminar region. A particularly promising approach involves the incorporation of nanofibers between the reinforcement layers as the composite is laid up. This work involves studying the property improvements in carbon fiber epoxy composite by interleaving electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers. Experimental testing involving Tensile, Izod, Charpy and high velocity impact tests showed improved material properties for the PAN nano-interleaved composite. These improvements achieved by nanofiber interleaving shows a greater potential in addressing major concerns for critical application of composite materials in future.
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    Publication
    Electrospun nanofiber interleaving in fiber reinforced composites—Recent trends
    (01-02-2019)
    Vijay Kumar, Vishnu
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
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    Kong Yoong, Jeremy Lee
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    Esmaeely Neisiany, Rasoul
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    Balaganesan, Gurusamy
    Composite materials are increasingly being used as an accepted alternative to traditional structural materials throughout the globe for various engineering applications. Because of their superior properties and flexibility, these materials are beginning to find innumerable applications replacing existing materials, especially in high-performance engineering domains. The electrospinning process adds a further dimension to enhance the properties of the composite material family by incorporating fibers at their microscale to even sub-nanoscale, enabling the development of advanced composites with enhanced properties. Over the past decades, much research work has understandably been done on these exciting materials. This paper aims to comprehensively map some of the trends in electrospun nanofiber interleaved laminated composite development, marking the milestones achieved and challenges faced. A brief review of the potential applications for these materials will also be put forward in the research outlook for these advanced nanoengineered composites.
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    A review of recent advances in nanoengineered polymer composites
    (01-04-2019)
    Kumar, Vishnu Vijay
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    Balaganesan, G.
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    Lee, Jeremy Kong Yoong
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    Neisiany, Rasoul Esmaeely
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
    This review paper initially summarizes the latest developments in impact testing on polymer matrix composites collating the various analytical, numerical, and experimental studies performed since the year 2000. Subsequently, the scientific literature investigating nanofiller reinforced polymer composite matrices as well as self-healing polymer matrix composites by incorporating core-shell nanofibers is reviewed in-depth to provide a perspective on some novel advances in nanotechnology that have led to composite developments. Through this review, researchers can gain a representative idea of the state of the art in nanotechnology for polymer matrix composite engineering, providing a platform for further study of this increasingly industrially significant material, and to address the challenges in developing the next generation of advanced, high-performance materials.
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    Publication
    Enhancing the properties of Carbon fiber thermoplastic composite by nanofiber interleaving
    (01-01-2022)
    Kumar, Vishnu Vijay
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
    Thermoplastic composites have growing significance due to the rising demand for cost-effective and lightweight materials with high structural endurance and recyclability. The composition of composites is altered to enhance their overall properties. Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile nanofiber interleaving in Carbon fiber thermoplastic composite is investigated in this paper. Material properties are estimated using Tensile, Izod, Charpy, and Ballistic testing. Experimental results suggest that the nanofiber interleaving resulted in a composite with enhanced properties. The study can be further extended in investigating the effect of nanofibrous addition in various composites.
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    Flammability and Fire Retardancy of Composites
    (01-01-2022)
    Kumar, Vishnu Vijay
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    Nikhil, N. S.
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
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    George, Gibin
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    Tran, Thang Q.
    The low thermal resistance of composite materials poses a major hindrance in using them for various applications. These limitations are subdued by flame and fire retardants, which when added into polymers and composites provides an enhanced thermal and flame resistance. In this review, the various methods of improving the fire retardancy of composite materials are discussed along with a description of widely used flame retardant additives. The recent progress in the field of flammability and flame retardancy of composite materials is the main focus of this article and considered only recently published works. Additionally, the mechanism of combustion with an emphasis on the flammability of polymer composites is deliberated. The basic idea of improving the fire retardancy of composite is either by enhancing the composite constituents-reinforcement and matrix or by providing a coating to the composite. The flame retardancy mechanism and the methods to improve them are the hot topics for research as the light weight polymer composites are replacing metallic structures. Treatment of reinforcement, matrix, along with the various commonly used flame retardant additives are studied in this article. The circularity, sustainability, and environmentally friendly aspects of composites need to be taken care while considering waste management in the near future.
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    Publication
    High velocity impact behavior of Hybrid composite under hydrostatic preload
    (01-01-2022)
    Kumar, Vishnu Vijay
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    Balaganesan, G.
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    Selvan, Arul
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    Ramakrishna, Seeram
    The Hybridization concept creates a niche within the composite segment to customize materials for specific applications with reduced cost without sacrificing strength and durability. The composite structures develop strain during continuous operation, and any sudden impact on these preloaded parts might result in catastrophic accidents. Studying impact response during such conditions is essential in designing and developing structures. This study experimentally investigates the high velocity impact response of Hybrid (Carbon-Glass) composite under normal and hydrostatic preload conditions. Mechanical tests involving Tensile, Izod, and Charpy are conducted. High velocity impact testing is carried out with a vertical single-stage gas gun with additional provision for hydrostatic preloading. An oscilloscope with a laser source measures the initial velocity, and Photogrammetry using a high-speed camera measure the residual velocity of a projectile. The mechanical test results suggest that Hybridization resulted in a significant property enhancement. The high velocity impact resistance and energy absorption are higher for Hybrid under both normal and preloaded impact.