Improved piezoelectric, thermal stability, and ferroelectric properties in ternary 0.39BNT–0.20PZ–0.41PT piezoceramics via low sintering temperature

The ternary composition of 0.39Bi(Ni1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.20PbZrO3–0.41PbTiO3 (0.39BNT–0.20PZ–0.41PT) piezoceramics was synthesized via conventional solid-state route and sintered at different temperatures. PXRD patterns of all sintered samples demonstrated the existence of both rhombohedral and tetragonal systems. The average grain size was increased with increasing the sintering temperature. The dielectric studies revealed the behavior of relaxor ferroelectrics and the dielectric constant (εr) was enhanced by increasing the sintering temperature. The ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties were enhanced at the 1050 °C-sintered ceramics. The high remnant polarization (Pr ~ 22.19 μC/cm2) and the coercive field (Ec ~ 14.4 kV/cm) were observed from the ferroelectric hysteresis loop measurements. The highest values of piezoelectric charge and voltage coefficients obtained are d33 ~ 500 pC/N and g33 ~ 15.3 mV.mN–1, respectively. Thus, the suggested results of ternary 0.39BNT–0.20PZ–0.41PT piezoceramics reveal their potential for piezoelectric device application.