Visualizing the complex demand and supply dynamics of critical battery materials - A key enabler for realizing the Electric Mobility Vision 2030

To achieve the 'Zero emission mandate', India put forward the Electric Mobility Vision 2030 which aims that in 2030, Electric vehicles will contribute around 30% of total automobile sales. Uncertainty in the availability of battery raw materials and lack of battery manufacturing facility can be the bottlenecks in achieving the Vision 2030. In this paper, we develop a system dynamics model to analyze the effect of complex demand and supply dynamics of critical battery materials in the avenue of Electric Mobility Vision 2030. Our study indicates that fluctuations in the price of key battery materials - Lithium and Cobalt - can be a major deterrent in realizing the Vision 2030. Hence we need to model and predict the Demand vs. Supply dynamics so that we can take proactive steps towards mitigating the supply risks and realize the vision.