Low frequency magnetic force augments hepatic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on a biomagnetic nanofibrous scaffold

Liver tissue engineering using polymeric nanofibrous scaffold and stem cells holds great promises for treating end-stage liver failures. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic trans-differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on a biomagnetic electrospun nanofibrous scaffold fabricated from a blend of poly-l-lactide (PLLA), collagen and fibrin-rich blood clot, under the influence of a low frequency magnetic field. The scaffold was characterized for surface properties, biochemical and biomechanical parameters and bio-magnetic behaviour. Cell proliferation assay revealed that the scaffold was suitable for hMSCs adhesion and proliferation. Hepatic trans-differentiation potential of hMSCs was augmented on nanofibrous scaffold in magnetic field exposure group compared to control groups, as evident by strong expression of hepatocyte specific markers, albumin release, urea synthesis and presence of an inducible cytochrome P450 system. Our results conclude that biomagnetic scaffold of PLLA/collagen/blood clot augments hepatic trans-differentiation of hMSCs under magnetic field influence.