Enhanced self-biased direct and converse magnetoelectric effect in Pb(In<inf>1/2</inf>Nb<inf>1/2</inf>)O<inf>3</inf>–PbTiO<inf>3</inf>/NiFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> bi-layer laminate composite

The direct magnetoelectric (DME) effect and converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect are investigated in bi-layer ferroelectric [0.65 Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–0.35 PbTiO3]–ferrite [NiFe2O4] laminate composite prepared by epoxy bonding. The magnetoelectric (ME) properties of bi-layer composite is studied at low frequency (1 kHz) and at electromechanical resonance frequencies under external bias field (Hdc). The laminate composite shows a DME coefficient (αDME) and CME coefficient (αCME) of 103 mV/(cm Oe) and 0.04 (mG cm)/V respectively at 1 kHz with a Hdc of 110 Oe. Moreover the αDME and αCME shows non-zero value in the absence of external bias field, which signifies the presence of self-biased ME effect in this laminate composite. Under resonance condition, ME coupling enhanced two orders of magnitude compared to low frequency value. A large self biased αDME of 8 V/(cm Oe) and αCME of 5 (mG cm)/V is achieved at electromechanical resonance.