Performance of Lithium-ion Battery on-board a spacecraft and estimation of deliverable capacity with Genetic Algorithm-driven Generic Estimation model

Lithium-ion battery is used as an energy storage device in spacecraft. Each battery is tested on-ground before integration into spacecraft. The fade in the deliverable capacity and increase in resistance affect the battery's performance of the over its life. Conventionally, end of discharge voltage and static resistances are recorded and analyzed. This paper proposes a method of estimating the trend in deliverable capacity and resistance using a genetic algorithm-driven model (referred to as the GAGE model) of Lithium-ion batteries. The GAGE model is validated with experimental data at the beginning of life. Voltage and deliverable capacity are estimated within 0.5% and 2% Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), respectively. A general trend of fall in deliverable capacity and increase in resistance is observed in the output of the GAGE model. It indicates a 7% fade in the deliverable capacity and a 20% increase in internal resistance for a Lithium-ion battery in a geosynchronous spacecraft in 9 years of life.