A simulation-based model for evaluating the performance of ready-mixed concrete (RMC) production processes

The development of the infrastructure sector and the rise in the per capita consumption of cement and concrete over the years have triggered the rapid increase in the use of ready-mixed concrete (RMC) in India. The assured quality of concrete, accuracy in the mix proportions, faster construction, less workforce and improved workspace utilization make RMC advantageous over site-mixed concrete. This industry is turning out to be one of the most promising in terms of income and revenue that efforts have to be made to ensure that the RMC production processes are carried out in a timely and cost-effective manner. With the growing concern over the environmental impacts due to construction, its sustainability perspective should also be taken into consideration. This study presents a discrete-event simulation model to evaluate alternate RMC production scenarios and to assess its performance in terms of equipment (batching plant and truck) utilization rate, energy use and carbon emissions. A detailed review on the functioning of the RMC production processes is presented. Finally, this study presents a set of recommendations for improving the performance of the RMC industry.