Nonlinear modeling on rate dependent ferroelectric and ferroelastic response of 1-3 piezocomposites

The effect of loading rate on ferroelectric and ferroelastic behavior of 1-3 piezocomposites is presented in this work. Experiments are conducted for various loading rates under different loading conditions such as electrical and electromechanical to measure the rate dependent response of 1-3 piezocomposite compared with bulk piezoceramics. A thermodynamic based rate dependent domain switching criteria has been proposed to predict the ferroelectric and ferroelastic behavior of homogenized 1-3 piezocomposites. In this model, volume fraction of six distinct uni-axial variants are used as internal variables to describe the microscopic state of the material. Plasticity based kinematic hardening parameter is introduced as a function of internal variables to describe the grain boundary effects. Homogenization of 1-3 piezocomposite material properties are obtained by finite element (FE) resonator models using commercially available FE tool Abaqus. To evaluate the possible modes of vibration of 1-3 piezocomposite four different configuration of FE resonators are modeled. The FE resonator model is validated with the impedance spectra obtained experimentally for length extensional and thickness extensional resonator models. The predicted effective properties using the resonance based technique are incorporated in the proposed rate dependent macromechanical model to study the behavior of 1-3 piezocomposites. The simulated results are compared with the experimental observations.