Contribution of Emulsion Zone in Refining of Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Converter

The importance of emulsion zone formation in the basic oxygen steelmaking (BOF) process lies in its crucial role in enhancing refining efficiency. This study provides a comprehensive theoretical analysis of refining in BOF steelmaking, empowering steelmakers to optimize emulsion zone formation. By examining the contributions of decarburization, desiliconization, and dephosphorization from the emulsion zone, the study systematically investigates refining phenomena in distinct sections of the BOF converter, interconnected through recirculation streams. By utilizing FactSageTM and its macro-facilities, transient variations in metal and slag compositions, alongside varying terminal phosphorus levels for diverse emulsion zone dimensions, are quantified. Model findings highlight that emulsion and hotspot zones play roles in decarburization and desiliconization, while dephosphorization exclusively occurs within the emulsion zone. The model’s projections for carbon, silicon, and phosphorus removals (wt pct) and metal bath temperature concur with data obtained from plant trials. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of the BOF steelmaking process, enabling steelmakers to fabricate the required emulsion zone strategically for optimal refining efficiency.