LC vcos for 5g networks

This chapter deals with LC VCOs for 5G applications. The operating principle of LC VCOs based on the negative resistance model is first introduced. This leads to a discussion of phase noise and its standardized analytical form, including a primer on various phase noise models. Design considerations and challenges for LC-VCOs at 5G mm-wave frequencies are then described. The chapter concludes with a description of circuit analysis, design techniques and implementation of two millimeter wave VCOs recently reported in the literature.